US-Iran talks begin in Switzerland; ceasefire in Lebanon key demand

Negotiations between the United States and Iran have commenced in Switzerland, with Pakistan and Qatar serving as mediators. The talks are based on a 60-day memorandum of understanding signed this week. If no comprehensive peace agreement is reached within that timeframe, hostilities could resume.

A major sticking point is the status of the Strait of Hormuz. Iran insists on the cessation of Israel's military operation in Lebanon as a prerequisite for reopening the strait. U.S. President Donald Trump, however, claims the strait is functioning normally, and the U.S. military reported that 55 vessels passed through on Saturday. Iran stated it granted permission for that passage but will not issue further permits until a ceasefire is achieved in Lebanon.

U.S. Vice President JD Vance, speaking before leaving for Switzerland, commented on the situation in Lebanon, stressing the need to stop the shooting to allow a ceasefire to take hold. He noted that the situation is improving but work continues.

Israeli troops remain in southern Lebanon, which Tehran considers a violation of the agreement with the U.S. Talks between Lebanon and Israel are scheduled for Tuesday in Washington. Lebanese Deputy Prime Minister Tarek Mitri expressed skepticism, stating that Israel's objectives include not only eliminating Hezbollah but also creating a security zone, which amounts to permanent occupation.

Meanwhile, the core issue of Iran's nuclear program, which Trump cited as the main reason for starting the war, has receded into the background. Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian on Sunday recalled that Trump had shifted his position by 180 degrees and acknowledged Iran's rights. The U.S. side seeks to allow UN inspectors to visit nuclear facilities that were hit by U.S. and Israeli strikes. In return, the U.S. would permit Iran to use some of its frozen assets to purchase humanitarian aid.