Pharmacist: In First 24 Hours of a Cold, Moisten Membranes, Rest and Drink Fluids

As the cold season approaches in Latvia, Alīna Fleišmane, a certified pharmacist at the Apotheka pharmacy chain, has shared advice on what to do in the first 24 hours after cold symptoms appear. A tickle in the throat, a blocked nose, sneezing or unusual fatigue may signal an oncoming illness, and early action can help ease symptoms, although nothing can be guaranteed.

What causes colds

Colds are most often caused by viruses that enter the body through the mucous membrane of the nose or throat. Early symptoms can be mild: a dry throat, sneezing, a slight runny nose or tiredness. Cough, raised temperature and weakness may follow. The pharmacist notes there is no miracle remedy that could stop a viral infection within a day.

Nose and throat

The nasal lining is one of the body's first protective barriers. Sea water or saline sprays can moisten it and flush out mucus; for a blocked nose, a hypertonic sea water solution may help. Decongestant nasal products may be used briefly and only according to the instructions. Inhaling over a bowl of hot water, very hot steam and concentrated essential oils are not recommended because of the risk of burns and irritation.

For a sore throat, pharmacies offer lozenges, sprays and rinses, some containing antiseptic substances. The most suitable product is best chosen with a pharmacist. A warm tea or water can help, as can a warm drink with honey, unless there is an allergy to bee products.

Rest and vitamins

The body's defences cannot be significantly boosted within a few hours. In the first day it is advisable to reduce physical and emotional strain, sleep enough and skip intensive workouts. Zinc, taken in the first 24 hours and at the stated doses, may slightly shorten a cold. Vitamin D is especially important in autumn and winter, but it is a long-term health matter.

Environment

Rooms should be aired, tobacco smoke avoided, and in very dry air a regularly cleaned humidifier can be used.